I assume
this is the decision of the Oklahoma Supreme Court to which you referred. Correct?
In summary this indicates that you were born in 1962 to a woman named Judith, that Judith gave you up for adoption and that, within days after your birth, you were adopted by two other people.
One thing you should understand is that (except as noted below) this adoption severed
any legal relationship between you and Judith. In
most states, an adoption like this precludes the child from inheriting from the birth parent unless the birth parent expressly provides for the adopted child in her will. Apparently, however, this is not the case in Oklahoma
The opinion goes on to say that, in 1980, you and Judith reconnected. It says that you lived with her for 6-7 months and then moved and lost contact with her shortly thereafter.
In 2017, Judith started the process of estate planning and then moved in with her caregiver. Judith completed her will in the midst of some significant medical treatment.
The will stated that Judith was a widow who had no children. She expressly excluded other living relatives and left her estate to several individuals, including the caregiver and the caregiver's daughter. Judith died in June 2018.
Following Judith's death, her sister objected that the will was the product of undue influence and that Judith lacked the necessary mental capacity to make a will. You then applied for a share of the estate as a pretermtted child. The court admitted the will but did not decide the issue of your entitlement to a share of the estate. This issue was decided against you in a trial in late 2018. You appealed and lost and then appealed again to the OK Supreme Court.
Surprisingly, the court held (by a 7-2 vote) that it is well-established law that an adopted child can inherit from both his birth parents and his adopted parents. Therefore, in order for you to be excluded from Judith's estate, there needed to be clear evidence that she did not want you to inherit from her estate, and the court held that neither her will nor any other evidence supported such an intent. Accordingly, the court held that you are entitled to the entire estate.
With that in mind:
the other side's Att has now filed an appeal.
The only place for "the other side" to appeal at this point is the United States Supreme Court, and one cannot simply "file an appeal" to the U.S. Supreme Court. One must ask the U.S. Supreme Court to hear the case, and the Court hears less than 1% of cases that it is asked to hear. The way that such a request is made is by filing a petition for writ of certiorari, and I can find no evidence that any such petition has been filed in your case. Although there is still time for that to happen, I think it is incredibly unlikely since the U.S. Supreme Court has no jurisdiction to overrule a state supreme court on a matter of state law. Unless "the other side" can come up with a constitutional argument here, there appears to be no basis for review by the U.S. Supreme Court.
Perhaps, when you wrote that "the other side's [attorney] has now filed an appeal," you meant that "the other side" has asked the Oklahoma Supreme Court to reconsider its opinion.
how long does it typically take for state supreme courts to decide on an appeal like this?
I have no familiarity with courts in Oklahoma. However, in the barely more than two years since Judith died, this case has gone through the trial court and two appeals. That tells me that OK courts move very quickly.